The Northern States had 21 million citizens in 23 states, while the South only had 9 million citizens in 11 states, with 3.5 million of them being slaves. Because of this, the Union contained many more men able to fight in their battles (bottom right). However, the armies were almost equal in size during the beginning of the war due to how many men in the South were willing to fight. Another advantage the Union had was control of the industry in the United States. The Union controlled over 95% of many important industries such as firearms, cloth, shoes, and railroads (top right) and over 80% of all industries in the U.S. Railways were almost entirely controlled by the Union, making for easy transportation throughout the country. A final advantage the North had was a strong Navy. The South lacked a Navy of this strength and was unable to transport or fight overseas. Overall, the Union's political, economic, and military advantages over the South helped them win the Civil War and make the Confederate states part of the Union again.
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